# Unit 3: Basic Building Blocks of a Web Page (CS228) ## Introduction to HTML - **HTML (HyperText Markup Language)** is the standard markup language that defines the structure and content of web pages; current version **HTML5**. - It uses **elements** made of tags: `content`; some are empty/void (`
`, ``). ### Structure of a Web Page ``` My Page

Welcome

Hello world.

``` - `` root; `` holds metadata, title, links to CSS; `` holds visible content. ### Basic Tags - **Headings** `

` to `

` (h1 largest). - Paragraph `
`; line break `
`; horizontal rule `
`. - Text formatting: ``/``, ``/``, ``. - Images: ``; `alt` helps accessibility. - Links: `Click`; absolute vs relative URLs; `target="_blank"` for new tab. - Lists: ordered `
`, unordered `
`, items `
`. - Tables ``, ``, `
`, ` `; forms `
`, ``; semantic tags `
`, `
`, `
`, `
`. ## Introduction to CSS - CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) controls presentation: colours, fonts, spacing and layout. - Syntax: `selector { property: value; }` ``` h1 { color: blue; font-size: 32px; font-family: Arial; } ``` - Ways to apply: inline (`style` attribute), internal (`